Retina Superspecialisation — Overview
This page tracks what the wiki covers, what’s missing, and where quiz performance reveals weak areas. It’s the map of your retina knowledge.
1. Anatomy & Physiology
Coverage: None yet Key subtopics: Retinal layers (ILM through RPE), photoreceptor types, foveal anatomy, macular pigment, retinal vasculature (superficial/deep/avascular zone), blood-retinal barrier (inner/outer), vitreous structure and aging, choroidal anatomy, optic nerve head Gaps: All subtopics — needs foundational sources Weak areas: — Suggested sources: Kanski Ch. on Retina anatomy, Ryan’s Retina Ch. 1–3, any retinal histology review
2. Diagnostic Techniques
Coverage: fluorescein-angiography (stub — RAM context only), oct-interpretation (stub — RAM context only) Key subtopics: Direct/indirect ophthalmoscopy, slit lamp biomicroscopy with lenses (78D/90D), OCT (time-domain vs spectral-domain vs swept-source), OCT-A, FFA (phases, patterns, leakage types), ICG angiography, fundus autofluorescence, B-scan ultrasonography, ERG (full-field, multifocal, pattern), EOG, visual field testing, adaptive optics Gaps: FFA and OCT pages exist but only cover RAM findings — need comprehensive sources. All other subtopics missing entirely. Weak areas: — Suggested sources: Kanski, Myron Yanoff, OCT atlas, FFA interpretation guide
3. Vascular Diseases
Coverage: retinal-arterial-macroaneurysm (comprehensive — from EyeWiki source), branch-retinal-vein-occlusion (stub), diabetic-retinopathy (stub), coats-disease (stub), vitreous-hemorrhage (stub) Key subtopics: NPDR (mild/moderate/severe, 4-2-1 rule), PDR (NVD/NVE/NVI/NVA), DME (focal/diffuse, center-involving), BRVO, CRVO (ischemic vs non-ischemic), HCRVO, RAO (CRAO/BRAO, cilioretinal artery occlusion), OIS, Coats disease, retinal macroaneurysm, sickle cell retinopathy, Eales disease, radiation retinopathy Gaps: RAM is well-covered. BRVO, DR, Coats are stubs needing dedicated sources. CRVO, RAO, OIS, sickle cell, Eales completely missing. Weak areas: — Suggested sources: ETDRS, DRS, DRCR.net protocols, SCORE, BRAVO/CRUISE trials, Ryan’s Retina vascular chapters
4. Macular Diseases
Coverage: None yet Key subtopics: Dry AMD (drusen types, GA, RPE changes), Wet AMD (types 1/2/3 CNV, PCV, RAP), macular hole (stages, VMT spectrum), ERM, CSCR (acute/chronic, variants), myopic maculopathy (Avila classification, myopic CNV, lacquer cracks), vitreomacular traction, macular telangiectasia type 2 Gaps: All subtopics Weak areas: — Suggested sources: AREDS/AREDS2, CATT, MARINA, ANCHOR, VIEW, Ryan’s Retina AMD chapters
5. Inherited Retinal Dystrophies
Coverage: None yet Key subtopics: Retinitis pigmentosa (typical, atypical, syndromic — Usher, Bardet-Biedl, Kearns-Sayre), Stargardt disease, Best vitelliform dystrophy, cone-rod dystrophy, choroideremia, X-linked retinoschisis, pattern dystrophies, congenital stationary night blindness, Leber congenital amaurosis, achromatopsia, gene therapy (Luxturna) Gaps: All subtopics Weak areas: — Suggested sources: Genetics review articles, Kanski inherited chapter, gene therapy trial data
6. Inflammatory & Infectious
Coverage: None yet Key subtopics: Posterior uveitis classification (SUN), toxoplasmosis (active/healed, management), CMV retinitis, ARN (diagnostic criteria, management), PORN, endophthalmitis (post-operative, endogenous — EVS study), white dot syndromes (MEWDS, PIC, APMPPE, birdshot, serpiginous), VKH (stages), sarcoidosis (retinal findings), Behcet disease, syphilitic uveitis, TB-related uveitis, parasitic (toxocara, DUSN, cysticercosis) Gaps: All subtopics Weak areas: — Suggested sources: SUN classification, EVS, uveitis guidelines, infectious disease chapters
7. Retinal Detachment
Coverage: None yet Key subtopics: Rhegmatogenous RD (pathogenesis, risk factors, types of breaks — horseshoe, round hole, dialysis, giant retinal tear), tractional RD (diabetic, ROP), exudative RD (causes), PVR (classification, management), Schwartz-Matsuo syndrome, surgical approaches and selection criteria Gaps: All subtopics Weak areas: — Suggested sources: Ryan’s Retina RD chapters, SPR study, PIVOT trial
8. Tumors
Coverage: von-hippel-lindau (stub — mentioned as RAM differential) Key subtopics: Retinoblastoma (genetics, classification — ICRB/Reese-Ellsworth, management), choroidal melanoma (COMS study, prognostic factors, management), choroidal metastasis, choroidal hemangioma (circumscribed vs diffuse), choroidal osteoma, PIOL/PVRL, congenital hypertrophy of RPE, combined hamartoma, astrocytic hamartoma Gaps: All subtopics Weak areas: — Suggested sources: COMS study, retinoblastoma management guidelines, AJCC staging
9. Surgical Techniques
Coverage: laser-photocoagulation (stub — RAM context), pneumatic-displacement (stub), intravitreal-injections (stub), yag-posterior-hyaloidotomy (stub) Key subtopics: PPV (23g/25g/27g, indications, technique), scleral buckle (elements, techniques, indications), pneumatic retinopexy (indications, gas choices — SF6/C3F8), combined procedures, ILM peeling (dyes — BBG, ICG, TB), macular hole surgery (inverted flap), diabetic TRD surgery, endolaser, cryotherapy, oil tamponade (silicone oil, PFCL), lens management during vitrectomy Gaps: All subtopics Weak areas: — Suggested sources: Surgical technique atlases, vitreoretinal surgery textbooks
10. Pharmacotherapy
Coverage: bevacizumab (stub — RAM context), ranibizumab (stub — RAM context) Key subtopics: Anti-VEGF agents (bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept, brolucizumab, faricimab — mechanisms, dosing, comparative efficacy), corticosteroids (triamcinolone, dexamethasone implant/Ozurdex, fluocinolone/Iluvien — indications, side effects), PDT (verteporfin), anti-VEGF biosimilars, port delivery system, gene therapy approaches, complement inhibitors (pegcetacoplan, avacincaptad pegol for GA) Gaps: All subtopics Weak areas: — Suggested sources: CATT, DRCR Protocol T/S, HAWK/HARRIER, YOSEMITE/RHINE, OAKS/DERBY, GATHER trials
11. Landmark Trials
Coverage: None yet Key subtopics: DRS, ETDRS, DRCR.net Protocol I/T/S/V/AB, CATT, MARINA, ANCHOR, VIEW 1&2, HAWK/HARRIER, YOSEMITE/RHINE, BRAVO/CRUISE, SCORE, VIBRANT/COPERNICUS/GALILEO, AREDS/AREDS2, IVAN, LUCAS, COMS, EVS, SPR, PIVOT, OAKS/DERBY, GATHER 1&2 Gaps: All subtopics Weak areas: — Suggested sources: Original trial publications, review articles summarizing key retina trials
12. Imaging Interpretation
Coverage: None yet Key subtopics: OCT patterns (CME, SRF, PED types, SHRM, HRF, ELM/EZ disruption, DRIL), FFA patterns (hyperfluorescence — leakage/staining/pooling/window defect; hypofluorescence — blocked/vascular filling defect), FFA phases, ICG patterns, OCT-A (flow void, neovascularization detection, FAZ measurement), autofluorescence patterns (hyper-AF, hypo-AF) Gaps: All subtopics Weak areas: — Suggested sources: OCT atlases, FFA interpretation guides, OCT-A reviews
13. Pediatric Retina
Coverage: None yet Key subtopics: ROP (pathogenesis, classification — zone/stage/plus disease, screening guidelines, ICROP3, management — laser/anti-VEGF/vitrectomy, ETROP, CRYO-ROP, BEAT-ROP, RAINBOW), FEVR, Norrie disease, persistent fetal vasculature, incontinentia pigmenti (Bloch-Sulzberger), shaken baby syndrome (retinal hemorrhages) Gaps: All subtopics Weak areas: — Suggested sources: ICROP3 classification, ETROP, BEAT-ROP, ROP screening guidelines (AAO/AAP)
14. Trauma
Coverage: None yet Key subtopics: Commotio retinae (Berlin edema), Purtscher/Purtscher-like retinopathy, Terson syndrome, traumatic macular hole, choroidal rupture, sclopetaria, IOFB (management, siderosis, chalcosis), Valsalva retinopathy, shaken baby syndrome, sympathetic ophthalmia (uveitis overlap), light damage (solar, laser) Gaps: All subtopics Weak areas: — Suggested sources: Trauma chapters in Ryan’s/Kanski, IOFB management guidelines
15. Systemic Associations
Coverage: hypertensive-retinopathy (stub — RAM association), radiation-retinopathy (stub) Key subtopics: Hypertensive retinopathy (Keith-Wagener-Barker/Wong-Mitchell classification), pregnancy-related (preeclampsia, HELLP — serous RD, Purtscher-like), drug toxicity (hydroxychloroquine — AAO screening guidelines 2016, tamoxifen, MEK inhibitors, checkpoint inhibitors), radiation retinopathy, blood dyscrasias (leukemia, anemia, thrombocytopenia), phakomatoses (tuberous sclerosis, VHL, Sturge-Weber, NF), paraneoplastic (CAR, MAR) Gaps: All subtopics Weak areas: — Suggested sources: AAO HCQ screening guidelines, systemic disease chapters
Overall Status
- Sources ingested: 1 (Macroaneurysm — EyeWiki)
- Entity pages: 10
- Concept pages: 6
- Quizzes taken: 0
- Strongest areas: Retinal arterial macroaneurysm (well-sourced)
- Weakest areas: All other domains (no dedicated sources yet)
- Priority for next study: The RAM ingest created stubs across 7 domains. High-value next sources would be: (1) a comprehensive FFA/OCT source to flesh out diagnostics, (2) diabetic retinopathy (ETDRS/DRCR.net) as the highest-yield vascular topic, (3) hypertensive retinopathy to complete the systemic link from RAM.