Bevacizumab (Avastin)

Definition / Overview

Bevacizumab is a full-length humanized monoclonal antibody against all isoforms of VEGF-A. Used off-label in ophthalmology as an intravitreal anti-VEGF agent for a wide range of retinal vascular conditions. The most widely used anti-VEGF agent globally due to its low cost.

Key Details

  • Mechanism: Binds all isoforms of VEGF-A, preventing receptor activation → reduces vascular permeability, inhibits neovascularization
  • Administration: intravitreal-injections, typically 1.25 mg/0.05 mL
  • Molecular weight: ~149 kDa (full-length antibody — larger than ranibizumab fragment)
  • Key trials: CATT, IVAN, LUCAS — details to be added from dedicated sources

Clinical Relevance

In the context of retinal-arterial-macroaneurysm: Pichi et al. (2013) demonstrated reduction in macular edema and hard exudates in all 38 eyes with RAM-associated macular complications treated with intravitreal bevacizumab. Evidence is promising but not extensive.

Other major indications (to be expanded): wet amd, diabetic-retinopathy/DME, RVO-associated macular edema, ROP.

Associations

Sources

Gap: This page needs dedicated sources covering mechanism of action in depth, landmark trials (CATT, IVAN, LUCAS), comparative efficacy, safety profile, and dosing regimens across indications.